1. Kala-miirnaanta biyaha

Sababtoo ah waxaa jira isku xirnaanta 'N' 0 'ee amine oxide molecule, daqiiqaddiibaduna waa 4.38D, dhismuhu wuxuu leeyahay astaamaha maqaarka sare iyo barta dhalaalida sare. Waxay si fudud ugu milmi kartaa dareeraha dareeraha sida biyaha iyo aalkolada hoose, laakiin si dhib leh ayaa loogu milmi karaa dareerayaasha aan qallalan ahayn sida saliidda macdanta iyo benzene.

Xalka aqueous, amine oxide wuxuu kujiraa qadar aad u badan oo ah qaab hydrate ah (R1R2R3NO · XH2O), laakiin isbadelka qiimaha pH, kala qeybsanaanta ayaa isbedeleysa. Tusaale ahaan, xalka alkaline-ka ee leh pH> 7, badanaa waa wax-ku-ool ah anionic surfactant. . Si kastaba ha noqotee, xalalka aashitada ee pH <3, amine oxides badanaa waxay kujiraan qaab cations [R1R2R3NOH] +. Xalka aqueous ee amine oxide wuxuu leeyahay astaamo oksijiin oo daciif ah, waxaana loo isticmaalaa qurxinta si maqaarku u noqdo cadaan.

2. Dhaqdhaqaaqa dusha sare

(1) Xiisadda dusha sare: Ka dib marka lagu daro amine oxide, xiisadda dusha sare ee biyaha ayaa si weyn loo dhimi doonaa. Tusaale ahaan, kacsanaanta dusha sare ee biyaha saafiga ah waa 72.80 × 10-3N / m. Xiisadda dusha sare ee miisaanka muhiimka ah (cmc) ee amine oxides kala duwan ayaa ku saabsan 30 × 10-3N / m. At cmc, kacsanaanta dusha sare ee amine oxide ayaa aad uga hooseysa tan milixda ammonium-ka, sidaas darteed dhaqdhaqaaqa dusha sare ee amine oxide ayaa ka wanaagsan kan milixda quwernary ammonium.

(2) Wasakhda: Marka amine oxide lagu qaso AES ama AS, waxay leedahay saameyn wadaag ah sunta sunta, laakiin marka lagu qaso LAS, saameynta isku dhafan ma ahan mid weyn. Wax soo saarka lipstick dhaqida waxay isticmaashaa 12% aashitada dufanka leh (C12: C18 = 12: 1), 13% waxyaabaha aan udgoon lahayn, 12% LAS. Haddii qadar cayiman oo ah amine oxide lagu daro, saamaynta nadiifintu aad ayey u fiicnaan doontaa.

(3) Emulsification power: Emulsification power: Emulsification power waa tilmaame lagu cabbiro tayada emulsifiers-ka. Tusaale ahaan, emulsify the amine oxide aqueous solution and petroleum solven under the same conditions at 70 ° C, ka dibna u fiirso mugga isbeddelka ka dib emulsification. Natiijooyinka waxay muujinayaan in walxaha ku jira amine oxide, awoodda emulsification ay ku sii kordheyso kororka tirada kaarboonka kooxda dhaadheer ee alkyl. Muuqaal kale oo ka mid ah amine oxide ahaan sida emulsifier ayaa ah inuu ku nuuxnuuxsan karo tiro balaadhan oo ah qiyamka pH, gaar ahaan warbaahinta aashitada, waxay la jaan qaadi kartaa cations quwada ammonium oo ah dawooyinka iyo bakteeriyada, ma aha oo kaliya inay xannibayaan Waxqabadka ka hortagga daxalka wax ilaaliya, oo kor u qaadi kara waxqabadkeeda ka hortagga daxalka, taas oo ka baxsan meelaha ay gaari karaan waxyaabaha kale ee aan dabka ka soo bixi karin.

(4) Xumbo xumida iyo xasilinta xumbada: Amine oxide waa wakiil wax ku ool ah xasilinta xumbada, oo badanaa loo isticmaalo dareerayaasha dharka lagu dhaqo ama kuwa wax lagu dhaqo. Badeecada leh qiyaasta 1% ilaa 5% waxay leedahay waxqabad khafiif ah, cuncun la'aan indhaha, iyo iska caabbinta biyaha adag. Waxay leedahay waxqabad wanaagsan, xumbada ayaa ka saraysa biyaha adag oo leh pH = 9, 300mg / kg. Marka khamriga dufanka leh ee sodium sulfate (AS) lagu qaso amine oxide, xumbadu way buuxda oo xasilloon tahay, xitaa haddii dufan jiro, ma beddeli doono. Sidaa darteed, waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa iyadoo lala kaashanayo wakiillada firfircoon ee anionic sida LAS, AS, AES, SAS, iwm, waxayna leeyihiin saameyn wanaagsan oo ka-hortagga cuncunka. Xumbada ay soo saarto amine oxide waxay leedahay dareemo kareem leh waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa shaambooyada iyo waxyaabaha qubeyska.

(5) Thickening effect: Amine oxide has a good thickening effect. For example, the mass fraction of amine oxide mixed with AES (1:9) is 15% active substance solution (the following% are all mass fractions), in an acid medium , Even with little salt, the thickening effect is obvious, and it is mild and has good conditioning. Amine oxide 4.5%, AES 8.5%, NaCl 4%, pH=8, viscosity (20°C) up to 7Pa·s, cloud point <-5°C, but for the solubilization and thickening of shampoo, the carbon atom is preferably C14. The thickening effect of amine oxide can also be used in high alkaline bleach (9% C12, 0.5% NaOH, 4% Na2CO3, a small amount of amine oxide), 10% HCl solution added 1.5% dihydroxyethyl tallow base Amine oxide and 1.5% tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride can increase the consistency to 1Pa·S.

Marka isku-darka amine oksaydhku ka bato xaddi go'an, weji dhexe oo aad u adag ayaa la sameeyaa. Xitaa haddii heerkulka la kordhiyo, looma beddeli karo wajiga moobiil isotropic. Sidaa darteed, marka amine oxide la soo saaro, guud ahaan kaliya 30% xalka aqueous ayaa la heli karaa, taas oo ay adag tahay in la helo Badeecooyinka leh uruurinta sareyso, waxyaabaha anionic surfactants waa in lagu daraa si loo helo uruurinta sare ee alaabada ammonium oxide.

（4） La-jaanqaadka sheybaarada anionic

Waxqabadka amine oxide amphoteric surfactants waa mid fudud. Waxyaabaha loo yaqaan 'Anionic surfactants' iyo 'amine oxides' waxaa loo isticmaalaa tiro badan oo ah qalabka wax lagu nadiifiyo si loo yareeyo cuncunka waxyaabaha loo yaqaan 'anionic surfactants' loona helo saameyn gaar ah. Marka isku-darka amine oxide-ka uu ka hooseeyo cmc, ku qasidda waxyaabaha sunta ah ee loo yaqaan 'anionic surfactants' si loo sameeyo anions iyo cations waxay kordhin doontaa pH-da ee roobka, taas oo ay keento u janjeeridda amine oxide; at cmc, labada qaab micelles isku qasan; sare At cmc, anion-ka la sameeyay iyo cusbada cusbada ayaa lagu dhalaaliyaa mikellada isku dhafan.

Marka pH≥8, amine oxide waxay muujineysaa astaamo aan ionic ahayn waxaana lagu dari karaa anions; marka pH≤8, iswaafajinta anions waxay soo saari doontaa aag aan la cabi karin, oo keena roob; marka pH≤6, labaduba waxay ku urursan yihiin saami ku habboon. Amine oxide iyo anionic surfactant waxay isku daraan sameysma lamaane anion-cation ah si ay u sameeyaan xal hufan. Waqtigaan, milixda anation-xaraashka ayaa lagu mili karaa micelles-yada xaddiga badan. Haddii dimethyl amine oxide la isticmaalo halkii laga isticmaali lahaa dimethyl amine oxide, iswaafajinta ayaa ka sii fiicnaan doonta; haddii lagu beddelo amine oxide oo ay ku jiraan qaybaha polyoxyethylene ether, saamaynta ayaa noqon doonta tan ugu fiican.

(5) sunta jir ahaaneed

Amine oxide waa walax aan sun ahayn ama sun yar leh. Xalka saamiga ganacsiga wuxuu leeyahay cuncun aasaasi ah maqaarka bakaylaha, oo indhuhu si dhexdhexaad ah ayey u xanaaqayaan. 2% fiirsashada, ma jiraan wax xanaaq ah; waa la quudiyey oo la mariyey alkyl dimethyl muddo laba sano ah. Amine oxide, looma helin wax kansar ah oo ay sababto amine oxide. Cilmiga noolaha ee amine oxide waa mid wanaagsan, 88% waa la duleyn karaa 2 usbuuc kadib iyo 93% 4 todobaad gudahood. Amine oxide asal ahaan waa mid aan sun ahayn waxayna leedahay cuncun aad u hooseeya maqaarka iyo indhaha. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinta KLein: LD50 ee amine oxide waa 2000mg / kg ～ 6000mg / kg, taas oo u dhiganta LD50 ee milixda miiska ee 4000mg / kg. Marka lagu qaso wakiilada kale ee firfircoon, amine oxide wuxuu leeyahay astaamo anti-cuncun waxaana loo isticmaali karaa anti-dandruff shaambooyada si loo yareeyo cuncunka ZPT. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, shaambooyada aashitada iyo xalka aashitada, amine oxide waxay la falgalikaraan kooxaha carboxyl ee timaha iyo xaglaha maqaarka. Waxay hagaajin kartaa timaha, yareyn kartaa qulqulka, fududahay in la qoyo shanlo, waxayna wanaajisaa maqaarka maqaarkiisa.

(6) Antimicrobial

Alkyl amine oxide waxay leedahay waxqabad bakteeriyada gaar ah, laakiin ma gaarto astaamaha bakteeriyada xoogga leh ee milixda quwernary ammonium. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxyaabaha caanaha laga sameeyo ee ay ku jirto amine oksaydhku waxay leeyihiin astaamo u gaar ah oo ka hortag ah, kuwaas oo ka hortagi kara koritaanka caaryada iyo joogtaynta firfircoonida sare ee xalalka aadka u khafiifa. . Qaar ka mid ah oksaydhka amine oxides xitaa waxay muujinayaan guryaha bakteeriyada ka saraysa, waxaana loo isticmaalaa saabuunta sida carfiyaha bakteeriyada, iyo xitaa iodine-ka ay ku jirto bakteeriyada ayaa loo sameeyay si loo kordhiyo xasiloonida iyo xasiloonida iodine, waxayna door ka ciyaaraan nadiifinta iyo isdhexgalka. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, saameynta 'dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide' ee joojinta koritaanka Staphylococcus aureus waxay u dhigantaa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ku habboon ee ku habboon, halka saameynta jeermiska ka nadiifinta ee amine oxides ay tahay mid liidata.

(7) Antistatic

Amine oxide wuxuu leeyahay hygroscopicity sare iyo ujeedo ionization, oo wuxuu sameyn karaa filim isdaba-joog ah oo isdabajoog ah dusha sare ee fiber ama cusbi, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay astaamo antistatic aad u fiican. Marka loo barbardhigo wakiilada kale ee ka hortagga antistatic, astaamaha ugu weyn ee ay leedahay waa isbedelka qoyaanka deegaanka, Saamaynta antistatic-ga wax yar ayaa laga badalayaa, waxayna muujineysaa waxqabadka antistatic wanaagsan xitaa qoyaanka hoose. Amine oxide sidoo kale waxay leedahay xasilooni kuleyl ah iyo saliid wanaagsan, waxay la jaan qaadi kartaa saliidaha guud, emulsifiers iyo wakiilada kale ee ka hortaga, waana fududahay in la isticmaalo.

(8) Antioxidant

Amine oxide ma aha oo kaliya inay si xasilooni ah ugu jiri karto xalka hypochlorite kaligeed, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ka caawisaa qaybaha kale inay xasiliyaan hypochlorite, sidaas darteed waxaa si ballaaran loogu isticmaalaa nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta jeermiska.